The Quest To Live On Mars,

is taking shape, 

image via Euronews, Plans for the first ‘Martian sustainable city’ have been unveiled, and construction is estimated to begin by 2054 and finished by 2100, while that is still a long time to come, the designs for the city are already finished, as Euronews details:

The new design overall contains five cities - the capital is called Nüwa. The vertical city has homes, offices and green spaces, all built into the side of a cliff to protect inhabitants from atmospheric pressure and radiation, the oxygen is largely produced by plants, food is 90 per cent plant-based, and the energy comes from solar panels. However, the circumstances on the Red Planet are far from friendly. The atmospheric pressure is not suitable for humans and the radiation is lethal on the surface without any shelter. "We had to do a lot of analysis based on computing and working with the scientists to try to understand what are the circumstances that we will face," says founder of architecture studio ABIBOO, Alfredo Muñoz, adding "we have to face challenges that are very specific to the conditions of Mars, one of them is gravity, which is only one-third of the gravity on Earth." 

whilst CO2 and water can be obtained on the surface, "Water is one of the great advantages that Mars offers, it helps to be able to get the proper materials for the construction. Basically, with the water and the Co2, we can generate carbon and with the carbon, we can generate steel," says Muñoz. The architecture company plans to use exclusively Martian materials for the construction,

food as mentioned is 90 per cent plant-based, so I guess manly vegetarians will be living there! there are of course so many other problems to solve, breathable oxygen being one of them, carbon dioxide makes up ~96% of the gas in Mars' atmosphere, oxygen is only 0.13%, compared to 21% in Earth's atmosphere, but below behold the Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment is better known as MOXIE,

technicians in the clean room are carefully lowering the Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment (MOXIE) instrument into the belly of the Perseverance rover. The rover has been inverted so that the interior is more accessible. MOXIE will "breathe in" the CO2-rich atmosphere and "breathe out" a small amount of oxygen, to demonstrate a technology that could be critical for future human missions to Mars. The image was taken in the cleanroom at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, in Pasadena, California, photogtrah credit NASA/JPL-Caltech. A human return trip from Mars will require more than 25 tons of oxygen. In-situ resource utilization to produce O2 is a viable means of launching from the Martian surface and sustaining a liveable environment for human presence on Mars, and the little box of tricks above might be the first step in finding the 25 tons needed for just one of us to make the return from Mars, the appliance of science!